Heap

basic

堆（英语：Heap）是计算机科学中的一种特别的完全二叉树。若是满足以下特性，即可称为堆：“给定堆中任意节点P和C，若P是C的母节点，那么P的值会小于等于（或大于等于）C的值”。若母节点的值恒小于等于子节点的值，此堆称为最小堆（min heap）；反之，若母节点的值恒大于等于子节点的值，此堆称为最大堆（max heap）。在堆中最顶端的那一个节点，称作根节点（root node），根节点本身没有母节点（parent node）

heap sort

procedure heapsort(a, count) is
    input: an unordered array a of length count
 
    (建立推，root是最大值)
    heapify(a, count)

    (a[0:end]是堆，end到最后是排列好的))
    end ← count - 1
    while end > 0 do
        swap(a[end], a[0])
        (heap大小减一)
        end ← end - 1
        (the swap ruined the heap property, so restore it)
        siftDown(a, 0, end)


def heapify(arr, n, i):
    largest = i  # Initialize largest as root
    l = 2 * i + 1     # left = 2*i + 1
    r = 2 * i + 2     # right = 2*i + 2
 
    # See if left child of root exists and is
    # greater than root
    if l < n and arr[largest] < arr[l]:
        largest = l
 
    # See if right child of root exists and is
    # greater than root
    if r < n and arr[largest] < arr[r]:
        largest = r
 
    # Change root, if needed
    if largest != i:
        arr[i], arr[largest] = arr[largest], arr[i]  # swap
 
        # Heapify the root.
        heapify(arr, n, largest)
 
# The main function to sort an array of given size
 
 
def heapSort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
 
    # Build a maxheap.
    for i in range(n//2 - 1, -1, -1):
        heapify(arr, n, i)
 
    # One by one extract elements
    for i in range(n-1, 0, -1):
        arr[i], arr[0] = arr[0], arr[i]  # swap
        heapify(arr, i, 0)

api: heapq.heapify(x)
heapq.heappop(heap)

Backlinks

Basic

Heap Sort